Hernán Cortés (1485-1547)

Hernán Cortés – Public Domain Image

Hernán Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, 1st Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland …  Wikipedia

Hernán Cortés (1485-1547) was a Spanish conquistador, responsible for the audacious conquest of the Aztec Empire in Central Mexico in 1519. With a force of 600 Spanish soldiers he was able to conquer a vast Empire that had tens of thousands of warriors. He did it through a combination of ruthlessness, guile, violence and luck.

Cortés never lost the spirit of adventure. He personally financed and led an expedition to explore Baja California in the late 1530’s and fought with royal forces in Algiers in 1541. After that ended in a fiasco, he decided to return to Mexico, but instead died of pleuritis in 1547 at the age of 62.

Francisco Ignacio Madero González

A stamp dedicated to  Francisco Ignacio Madero Gonzalez a politician, writer and
revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913.
Photo circa 1985. bigstockphoto.com | markaumark

Francisco Ignacio Madero González
(30 de octubre de 1873 – 22 de febrero de 1913)
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_I._Madero

Born in Coahuila on October 30, 1873. Son of a wealthy landowner. Family was devoted to ranching, farming and commerce. Studied commerce and economics in France and agriculture in the U.S. Saw the need to improve conditions in Mexico.

General Madero, Mexican political leader, full-length portrait, standing,
facing right,  with hand in sling, after being wounded at Casas Grandes.
Date Created/Published: c1911.  Medium: 1 photographic print.
Library of Congress:  https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/cph.3c00794

Lázaro Cárdenas del Río
Born: May 21, 1895 in Jiquilpan, Michoacán
Died: October 19, 1970 (aged 75) in Mexico City, Mexico
Nationality: Mexican
Political party: Party of the Mexican Revolution
Spouse(s): Amalia Solórzano

Lázaro Cárdenas was born on May 21, 1895 in a lower-middle-class family in the village of Jiquilpan, Michoacán. He supported his family (including his mother and seven younger siblings) from age 16 after the death of his father. By the age of 18 he had worked as a tax collector, a printer’s devil, and a jailkeeper. Although he left school at the age of eleven, he used every opportunity to educate himself and read widely throughout his life, especially works of history.

Cárdenas’s first move once he took office late in 1934 was to have his presidential salary cut in half. Even more surprising moves would follow. After establishing himself in the presidency, Cárdenas and the Mexican Congress turned on Calles and condemned his continued war-like persecution of the Catholic Church.  During his time in office, Cárdenas openly sought the National Revolutionary Party’s six-year plan of social and political reform.

Cárdenas’s efforts to negotiate with Mexican Eagle, in the managerial control of Royal Dutch/Shell and Standard Oil of New Jersey, were unavailing, and the companies rejected a solution proposed by a presidential commission. So at 9:45 pm on the evening of March 18, 1938, Cárdenas nationalized Mexico’s petroleum reserves and expropriated the equipment of the foreign oil companies in Mexico. The announcement inspired a spontaneous six-hour parade in Mexico City; it was followed by a national fund-raising campaign to compensate the companies.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas

Pancho Villa – Photo: www.emersonkent.com/history_notes/pancho_villa.htm

José Doroteo Arango Arámbula – better known by his pseudonym Francisco Villa or his nickname Pancho Villa – was one of the most prominent Mexican Revolutionary generals. Wikipedia
Born: June 5, 1878, San Juan del Río, Durango
Full name: José Doroteo Arango Arámbula
Assassinated: July 20, 1923, Parral
Spouse: María Luz Corral (m. 1911–1923)

This is the most famous photo of Francisco Villa, and is part of ensallo (photo) and the film taken after the storming of Ojinaga. However I have always had the doubt if printed backwards either by words and numbers or the reins (reins of bridle) horse handled with the left hand and the whip (whip) right. Dr. Roberto Duarte  (Note: photo above has been Flipped Horizontally – words and numbers are viewed correctly)

Photo shows General Francisco “Pancho” Villa (1877-1923) on horseback, during the Mexican Revolution. Possibly taken at the time of the Battle of Ojinga, Chihuahua, which took place in January 1914. (Source: Flickr Commons project, 2010)
Forms part of: George Grantham Bain Collection (Library of Congress).

Jesús Roberto Duarte 
3y
Esta es la foto más famosa de Francisco Villa, y es parte del ensallo (fotográfico) y del film tomado después de la Toma de Ojinaga. Sin embargo siempre he tenido la duda si está impresa al revés ya sea por las palabras y números o por que las riendas (reins of bridle)del caballo se manejan con la mano izquierda y el fuete (whip) con la derecha. Dr. Roberto Duarte

Los generales Villa y Zapata en la silla presidencial el 4 de diciembre 1914,
Palacio Nacional, durante la Revolución Mexicana.

Photograph similar to the one above, “Los generales Villa y Zapata”,
of a print on the wall of a restaurant in Los Cabos, México. Photo: Tyson

Pancho Villa – Library of Congress

Pancho Villa as he appeared in the United States press during the Revolution.

Description:
English: Mexican Revolution leader Pancho Villa
Date:     30 August 2011
Source:     Library of Congress
Author:     Bain Collection
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Villa_close_up.jpg

Archivo Histórico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Pancho Villa was assassinated on July 20, 1923. Villa was in his Dodge Sedan with his bodyguards, driving home from Parral to Canutillo.

A street vendor was waving to him at the intersection Benito Juarez / Gabino Barveda. Pancho slowed his car to return the greeting and the vendor shouted “¡Viva Villa!”. The shout was a signal for a squad of gunmen concealed in a house by the roadside.

They opened fire, the car swerved off the road and crashed into a tree. Villa was killed instantly, riddled by seven, some say nine, bullets. Four of his bodyguards were killed with him.

Among the ones killed were: Trillo (the chauffeur), and Daniel Tamayo (Villa’s assistant). Three members of his escort were wounded: Rafael Medrano, Ramón Contreras, and Claro Hurtado.
https://www.emersonkent.com/history_notes/pancho_villa.htm

Title: Pancho Villa | Date Created/Published: [between 1908 and 1919]
 Title from unverified data provided by the National Photo Company
on the negative or negative sleeve. Repository: Library of Congress